Biomineralizacja chrząstki panewki stawu biodrowego Biomineralization of hip joint socket (acetabulum) cartilage: Research Article

Maciej Pawlikowski

doi:10.58372/2835-6276.1020

Authors

Maciej Pawlikowski

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58372/2835-6276.1020

Keywords:

Biomineralizacja, joint socket, acetabulum, cartilage

Abstract

Processes that destroy the articular cartilage, including the cartilage of the hip joint, lead to joint dysfunction and, in extreme cases, to its immobilization. This necessitates total hip arthroplasty. Most researchers (1-27) focus on phenomena involving the cartilage of the femoral head. This article presents the results of research on biomineralization of the acetabulum.

Biomineralogical examinations of the acetabular cartilage were carried out and a gradual development of the cartilage mineralization was diagnosed. The comparative material was non-mineralized cartilage. It was determined that in various stages of mineralization, the content of elements in this cartilage – including Ca, P, Si, Na, and others – increases. In the early stages of mineralization, the cartilage appears macroscopically normal and non-mineralized. In the stages of advanced mineralization, the cartilage is hard, loses its slipperiness and elasticity. It often contains mineral micrograins (calcium phosphates). At this stage, the surface and structure of the cartilage become deformed, leading to joint dysfunction and the necessity to implant an endoprosthesis. Research indicates that the areas of cartilage biomineralization are the centres of its destruction caused by various factors (mechanical, genetic, inflammation, etc.). In the places of cartilage (collagen) damage, electrically charged biomineralization centres are formed, which “capture” nearby electrically charged ions, initiating cartilage biomineralization. In the tested samples, no relationship was observed between the degree of biomineralization of the cartilage in question and the age of the patients. It appears that an effective way to prevent the described phenomenon may be the blocking of cartilage biomineralization centres with the use of appropriate blockers. Development of such blockers requires separate research. This can prevent joint dysfunction and the need for endoprostheses.

The author would like to thank Professor Tadeusz Niedźwiedzki for providing research materials.

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