DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF INFANT COLIC: Research Article

Mohamed Elsayed Ali Nasreldin Abbas

doi:10.58372/2835-6276.1061

Authors

Mohamed Elsayed Ali Nasreldin Abbas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58372/2835-6276.1061

Keywords:

Infant Colic, Simethicone, Probiotics, Dicyclomine Hydrochloride

Abstract

Infant colic is a common, spontaneously remitting condition. No definite aetiology is identified for infant colic, despite extensive research and observational studies. The Rome IV Pediatric committee established different diagnostic criteria to replace the traditional Wessel et al. “Rule of Threes” criteria. The aim of the new criteria is to facilitate clinical and research unity. Up to date, there is no known effective treatment for Infant Colic. The management frame include exclusion of organic causes, supporting the parents to understand the benign nature and the natural history of colic, enforcing parental support at home, and suggesting strategies to deal with the infant’s settling. The pharmacological interventions have very limited role to play in the management if any. This include Simethicone, Probiotics and Hypertonic (30%) Glucose. The use of Dicyclomine Hydrochloride, Proton Pump Inhibitors, and H2 receptor antagonists is on no benefit. The probiotic Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM17938 may be trialled for exclusively breastfed infants, but the evidence for its benefit is inconsistent.

References

Wessel MA, Cobb JC, Jackson EB, et al. Paroxysmal fussing in infancy, sometimes called colic. Pediatrics. 1954;14(5):421-435.

Roberts DM, Ostapchuk M, O'Brien JG. Infantile colic. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Aug 15;70(4):735-40. PMID: 15338787.

Lucassen PL, Assendelft WJ, van Eijk JT, Gubbels JW, Douwes AC, van Geldrop WJ. Systematic review of the occurrence of infantile colic in the community. Arch Dis Child 2001;84:398-403.

Johnson JD, Cocker K, Chang E. Infantile Colic: Recognition and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Oct 1;92(7):577-82. PMID: 26447441.

Banks JB, Rouster AS, Chee J. Colic. [Updated 2022 Aug 1]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan

Kheir AE. Infantile colic, facts and fiction. Ital J Pediatr. 2012 Jul 23;38:34. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-38-34. Retraction in: Ital J Pediatr. 2014;40(1):9. PMID: 22823993; PMCID: PMC3411470.

Gondim MMBB, Goulart AL, Morais MB. Prematurity and functional gastrointestinal disorders in infancy: a cross-sectional study. Sao Paulo Med J. 2022 Jul-Aug;140(4):540-546

Romanello, S.; Spiri, D.; Marcuzzi, E.; Zanin, A.; Boizeau, P.; Riviere, S.; Vizeneux, A.; Moretti, R.; Carbajal, R.; Mercier, J.C.; et al. Association between childhood migraine and history of infantile colic. JAMA 2013, 309, 1607–1612.

Heine RG. Cow’s-milk allergy and lactose malabsorption in infants with colic. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013;57:S25-S27

Treem WR. Assessing crying complaints: the interaction with gastroesophageal reflux and cow’s milk protein intolerance. In: Barr RG, St James-Roberts I, Keefe M, editors. New evidence on unexplained early infant crying: its origins, nature and management. Skillman, New Jersey: Johnson & Johnson Pediatric Institute; 2001. p. 165-76.

Gupta SK. Is colic a gastrointestinal disorder? Curr Opin Pediatr 2002;14:588-92.

de Weerth C, Fuentes S, de Vos WM. Crying in infants: on the possible role of intestinal microbiota in the development of colic. Gut Microbes 2013;4:416-21

Geertsma MA, Hyams JS. Colic--a pain syndrome of infancy? Pediatr Clin North Am 1989;36:905-19.

Mai T, Fatheree NY, Gleason W, Liu Y, Rhoads JM. Infantile Colic: New Insights into an Old Problem. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2018 Dec;47(4):829-844.

Miller-Loncar C, Bigsby R, High P, et alInfant colic and feeding difficultiesArchives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:908-912.

Milidou I, Henriksen TB, Jensen MS, Olsen J, Søndergaard C. Nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy and infantile colic in the offspring. Pediatrics. 2012 Mar;129(3):e652-8.

Sung V. Infantile colic. Aust Prescr 2018;41:105-10.

Barr RG. Preventing abusive head trauma resulting from a failure of normal interaction between infants and their caregivers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012;109 Suppl 2:17294-301.

Barr RG. Colic and crying syndromes in infants. Pediatrics. 1998 Nov;102(5 Suppl E):1282-6.

Judith Zeevenhooven, et al：The New Rome IV Criteria for FGIDs in Infants and Toddlers

Vandenplas, Y.; Hauser, B.; Salvatore, S. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infancy: Impact on the Health of the Infant and Family. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Nutr. 2019, 22, 207.

Zhang D, Zhang Y, Sang Y, Zheng N, Liu X. The Relationship between Infant Colic and Migraine as well as Tension-Type Headache: A Meta-Analysis. Pain Res Manag. 2019 Jun 16;2019:8307982

Evans C, Lorentz WP. Efficacy and Safety of a Colic Relief Remedy in Infantile Colic. Glob Pediatr Health. 2022 Aug 1;9:2333794X221100810