American Journal of Medical and Clinical Research & Reviews

Landmarks On C-Reactive Protein As Inflammation Marker

Tania Leme da Rocha Martinez — 2024-11-02

C-reactive protein is a crucial biomarker for inflammation and widely used in assessing cardiovascular disease risk. Produced by the liver in response to inflammatory stimuli like infection or injury, C-reactive protein levels rise significantly during acute and chronic inflammation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein testing detects even low-grade inflammation, providing greater accuracy in identifying cardiovascular risk. C-reactive protein relevance in cardiovascular health stems from its association with atherosclerosis, an inflammatory process that leads to plaque buildup in arteries. Elevated C-reactive protein levels are linked to higher risks of heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure. The JUPITER study demonstrated that using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to guide statin therapy in high-risk individuals significantly reduced cardiovascular disease events and mortality. Beyond being a marker, C-reactive protein actively contributes to atherothrombosis by impairing endothelial function and promoting a pro-thrombotic environment. Genetic and environmental factors, such as smoking, diet, and seasonal variations, also influence C-reactive protein levels. Additionally, C-reactive protein is a strong predictor of adverse outcomes following acute coronary syndrome. Studies show that both high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and B-type natriuretic peptide, when measured 30 days after acute coronary syndrome, independently predict heart failure and cardiovascular death. In conclusion, C-reactive protein, particularly through high-sensitivity C-reactive protein testing, is a vital tool in evaluating inflammation and predicting cardiovascular risk. Its role in personalized medicine continues to grow, as ongoing research explores the genetic and environmental factors influencing C-reactive protein and its potential as a therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. As research progresses, C-reactive protein remains a cornerstone in cardiovascular risk management.

Obturator hernia with strangulation

Marouane Mountassir — 2024-11-07

Obturator hernias (OH) are rare, causing 0.2 to 1.6 mechanical obstructions in the small intestine, with postoperative mortality and morbidity of 35% and 18%, respectively.

We report a case of a patient diagnosed with a strangulated OH during the evaluation of obstruction.

OH is difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to its low clinical specificity. Computed tomography examination appears to be a significant aid in etiological diagnosis. However, once the diagnosis of obstruction is established, emergency intervention can reveal the etiology and propose treatment. Delayed treatment increases mortality and morbidity.

Nocturnal enuresis in children

Fatma mohamed mahmoud — 2024-11-06

Nocturnal enuresis, defined as urinary incontinence during sleep at least twice weekly for three consecutive months in children over 5 years old, is a common childhood condition that significantly impacts both children and their families. This review examines the classification, etiology, pathophysiology, evaluation, and treatment options for nocturnal enuresis. The condition is classified as either monosymptomatic or non-monosymptomatic, and primary or secondary, with primary enuresis accounting for 80% of cases. The pathophysiology involves three main mechanisms: nocturnal polyuria, high arousal threshold, and bladder dysfunction. Genetic factors play a significant role, with a strong familial component following an autosomal dominant pattern. Evaluation includes detailed medical history, voiding diary, physical examination, and basic laboratory tests. Treatment approaches are divided into non-pharmacological (including behavioral modifications, motivational therapy, and alarm therapy) and pharmacological interventions (primarily desmopressin, tricyclic antidepressants, and anticholinergic drugs). While alarm therapy shows the highest long-term success rates (65-75%), combination therapy may be necessary for treatment-resistant cases. This review emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment approaches and family support in managing childhood nocturnal enuresis effectively.

The quality of life of caregivers of cancer patients

Marouane Mountassir — 2024-11-07

In the Moroccan context, where gastrointestinal malignancies are frequently detected at an advanced stage, the essay discusses the effect of these diseases on the quality of life of caretakers. The shift of care responsibilities from medical professionals to family members is emphasized. A questionnaire translated into Moroccan Arabic will be used in the study's assessment of this quality of life. About fifty caregivers participated in a cross-sectional study, which found that women—who are frequently illiterate—play a critical role. The findings indicate that while spiritual well-being is largely maintained, caregivers' psychological and social wellbeing is significantly impacted. The most affected caregivers are those who share a roof with the ill or are low-income. The article's conclusion emphasizes the necessity of giving caregivers proper financial and psychological assistance as well as legal recognition of their significance.

Febrile Occlusion Due to Meckel's Diverticulum: A Case Report

Marouane Mountassir — 2024-11-07

The omphalomesenteric duct's remnant is known as Meckel's diverticulum. This diverticulum may bleed, swell up, or impede something. The 58-year-old man who had appendiceal peritonitis and required hospitalization at the University Hospital of Casablanca is the subject of the case study presented by the authors. The results of the surgery showed that there was a perforated appendix and a tiny bowel obstruction brought on by Meckel's diverticulum, which was the cause of the bowel distension. The outcome of the surgery was positive.

Treatment of Indolent Ulcer with cultured canine mesenchymal stem cells

Jonathan RT Lakey — 2024-11-06

Background: Indolent ulcers are noninfectious epithelial defects of the cornea, typically presenting as chronic, superficial lesions. These ulcers are most commonly observed in dogs and are the leading cause of ophthalmic consultation in the UVS Ophthalmology service. These ulcers, which are more common in older dogs, often have difficulty healing naturally. Underlying eye conditions and infections can further hinder the healing process, potentially causing vision impairment and eventually removal of the eye. In this manuscript, we present the success of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in a preliminary pilot trial to treat indolent ulcers.

Methods: Companion animals with indolent eye ulcers that did not respond to traditional treatment protocols were treated with suspended canine bone marrow-derived MSCs (5 x 10⁵ cells total) administered via an eyedropper and then monitored for a period of 2-3 hours post infusion before being released back to their owners. Dogs had a follow up visit after 48-72 hours by the veterinary team.

Results: Of the 12 adult canine pets with indolent ulcers, MSC treatment led to recovery of the ulcers within 5-6 weeks after administration.

Conclusions: This pilot trial showed the promise of the use of topical canine MSC for dogs with indolent ulcers. In the near future we are planning to conduct a randomized prospective trial. We consider the use of expanded stem cells to treat indolent ulcers represent a novel and potentially effective approach and it is our intention to further expand the use of MSCs in the indication of ocular indolent ulcers.

Villalobos Technique of vascular ligation and uterine compression for the Management of Obstetric Hemorrhage

Alejandro L. Villalobos-Rodríguez — 2024-11-06

The Villalobos Technique of vascular ligation and uterine compression is an innovative surgical approach designed for the effective management of obstetric bleeding, particularly in cases of uterine atony and during transcesarean procedures. This technique combines ligation of the uterine arteries with a compressive suture, allowing rapid control of bleeding while preserving the function of the uterus and, therefore, the patient's fertility. The procedure is fast and safe, providing an effective alternative to hysterectomy in situations where conservative management of the uterus is required. Furthermore, its simplicity makes it applicable in resource-limited settings where access to advanced technology is scarce, making it a valuable tool for reducing maternal mortality in emergency obstetric settings. Through a series of clinical cases, the technique has demonstrated its ability to effectively stop obstetric hemorrhage and stabilize patients in critical situations. Its implementation can have a significant impact on reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes, especially in second and third level hospitals.

The Children's Rights Document In The Overview Sign In The Dimension And Perspective Of The Law Namely Crdtl (2024).

Alexandre Gentil Corte-Real de Araújo — 2024-11-06

Introduction: In general, to analyze article 18 of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (CRDTL), which says all children have the right to education, health, etc. We return to the condition of children that form their concern, when the conditions are abandoned such as child labor, and lose their rights by the family. Sometimes children cover the grief and have used the other way to help the needs of the family, but the opinions of the children should be heard all matters relating to their rights is fundamental to ensure in the law and functioning in Timor-Leste.

Research Objectives: To narrate and review to ensure equal access and educational opportunities for all children and to identify and provide must meet requirements that allow for the development of their capacities or aptitudes and their culture in each municipality of Timor-Leste.

Research Methodology: Made in the elaboration of deduction, based on research work in international and national articles school literary and legislative magazines, whose current documentary sources will be cited in the bibliographies.

Conclusion: To be achieved to ensure The law of the RDTL constitution says, that the protection of children is the compressed to respect the dignity of children, so with promises the well-being of children and also their protection against any of at risk and apply the right of children to seek the search for the solution that promotes the greatest possible benefit to children, Also interpreting and performing a norm must provide for the best interests of children. Therefore, parents have a responsibility to ensure children's rights and develop with the freedom of justice and equality, such as the participation of 17-year-old minorities to have some educational resources and learn from anything with joy. Thus, the satisfaction of each child or minority that always guarantees by law cited by (Corte Real AG & Tilman CB., 2024).

Families' Knowledge About Mental Anxiety Disorder At The Liquiça Inpatient Community Health Center (Timor-Leste, 2024).

Lídia Gomes — 2024-11-06

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) that mental illness or disorders are usually characterized by a combination of abnormal thoughts, perceptions, emotions, and behaviors, which can also affect relationships with other people. Anxiety is the emotional response and individual evaluation that is subjective that influences by nature and conscious and yet does not specifically identify with its cause. Mental illness agree focus on the other thing that World Healthcare insurance Organization (WHO, 2020), is characterized by abnormally thoughts, emotional and behavioral issues, that can affect interpersonal relationships. The anxiety is one such as disorder, and its nervous about-face responses to subjectively cases.

Research Objective: To access the relationship between families' knowledge about anxiety disorders at the Liquiça Inpatient Community Health Center.

Research Methodology: A quantitative analytical correlation study using a cross-sectional approach, was conducted with 73 respondents. The data analysis included Chi-square tests, covariance, and Pearsons’s correlation coefficient of the field study, at the Liquiça Inpatient Community Health Center Municipality of Liquica (Timor-Leste, 2024).

Results Discussion: Based on the survey result of the 73 respondents indicates that the knowledge of the families is 59.8%, includes the factor to access to health education and health information is 80.8% and the Pearson Product Moment test result with the result interval coefficient correlation .796^** and significance level with P-value is .000 <ɑ 0.05, means that it has strong ratio in the same study occasion.

Conclusion: Through this research result shows that the moderated knowledge of anxiety disorder, highlighting the needs of improved to access of health educations. According to the data analysis will be comes 59.8%, from the point interpretation in data right with the information collected by research implementation cited by (Gomes L. & Tilman CB., 2024).

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal

Marouane Mountassir — 2024-11-07

Peritoneal Hydatidosis

Marouane Mountassir — 2024-11-07

A widespread parasitic illness, hydatidosis is a serious public health concern, especially in endemic nations like Morocco. Analyzing the prognostic, therapeutic, paraclinical, evolutionary, and clinical aspects of widespread peritoneal hydatidosis with numerous localizations is the aim of this work. All problems that arise from Echinococcus granulosus larvae essentially secondary populating the peritoneal serosa are collectively referred to as peritoneal hydatidosis. The polymorphic symptomatology of peritoneal hydatidosis is one of its defining characteristics. Epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, and imaging findings are combined to make the diagnosis.

Materials and Methods: We present a case of peritoneal hydatidosis in its specific form that occurred in the visceral surgery emergency service P35 of the Ibn Rochd Hospital during the year 2017.

Results: The purpose of the patient's admission was to treat diffuse peritoneal hydatidosis. A clinical examination found many hepatomegaly-related abdominal tumors. The biological evaluation revealed a highly positive hydatid serology. Computed tomography was used to establish the preoperative diagnosis of peritoneal hydatidosis. It revealed sub-mesocolic peritoneal hydatidosis and type 3 hydatid cysts in segments VI, VII, II, and III of the left liver. Resection of the hydatid cysts and projecting domes along with drainage was the course of treatment. Following a straightforward surgical procedure, the patient was released on day six, receiving adjuvant treatment consisting of albendazole for a duration of three months. In our current work, we emphasized the diagnostic challenges presented by this atypical placement of the hydatid cyst, as well as the significant role that CT plays in delivering a positive and extremely exact topographic diagnosis, based on this observation and the literature. In addition, we discussed the critical role that surgery plays in the therapy of this illness and the growing significance of medical care, especially in preventing recurrences.

One uncommon but dangerous side effect of hydatid illness is peritoneal hydatidosis. A positive diagnosis is dependent on clinical, paraclinical, and epidemiological data, the most prominent of which is computed tomography. The prognosis is determined by optimal surgical care of peritoneal hydatidosis and early detection and treatment of the main locations.