American Journal of Medical and Clinical Research & Reviews

Analysis of the potential of the homeopathic eye drops Marine Cineraria 4CH to induce cell migration

Ana Catarina Viana Valle — Tue, 23 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The ocular surface comprises diverse components that collaborate to maintain homeostasis, and any change can be termed an ocular surface disorder. One frequently observed change is the development of corneal ulcers, a primary contributor to visual impairment. Cineraria maritima is a botanical species renowned for its therapeutic application in managing diagnosed cataracts and other eye-related ailments. This study evaluated the effect of the homeopathic eye drops containing Cineraria maritima using cell viability assessments, a scratch experiment, and the quantification of IL-8 levels. The in vitro tests revealed the absence of any cytotoxic effects associated with the eye drops, thus demonstrating their safety for use. Furthermore, these eye drops exhibited the capacity to enhance the percentage of scratch closure. The treated group had an average closed area percentage of 57%, while the control group exhibited only 41% area closure, indicating the potential efficacy of eye drops in managing ocular disorders. Finally, IL-8 levels were measured following the induction of an inflammatory response by LPS and subsequent treatment with the eye drops. The outcomes indicate a decrease in the levels of this cytokine in the treated group. Such findings assure the safety and effectiveness of Cineraria maritima 4CH homeopathic eye drops, suggesting a potential avenue for their application to treat corneal ulcers.

Clinical Profile and Prevalence of COVID-19 among Suspected Cases at Kara University Hospital, TOGO from 2020 to 2023: A Retrospective Study

DJALOGUE Lihanimpo — Thu, 18 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Introduction : The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is unprecedented for the past 100 years in terms of impacts on human activity. From the beginning of the pandemic, each country affected by COVID-19 infection including Togo provided daily general information in relation to the number of cases detected, confirmed, under treatment, recovered and deceased. Based on this, we found it appropriate to do this study to assess the particular situation of COVID 19 infection at Kara University Hospital with the objective of describing the clinical profile and prevalence of suspected cases.

Methods : This was a retrospective study of the records of patients received in consultation or hospitalized in the various departments of the CHU Kara who had benefited from an RT-PCR test on nasopharyngeal swabs for the diagnosis of Covid-19 from March 2020 to March 2023. Included in this study were all patients who had symptoms of covid 19, those who had returned from travel and those who had contact with a patient with covid 19.

Results : During the study period, 754 patients had received an RT-PCR test on nasopharyngeal swabs for the diagnosis of Covid-19. These were mainly men with a sex ratio of 1.64. These 754 patients were divided into 132 contact cases (17.51%), 567 suspected cases (75.20%), 35 tests (4.64%) and 20 travellers (2.65%). With regard to suspected cases, the most represented age group was 25-34 years (21.16%), followed by 35-44 years (19.75%), and 45-54 (16.40%). Those over 65 accounted for 10.23% and those under 15 accounted for 6%.

The most common clinical signs in suspected cases were cough (58.89%), followed by fever (45.15), general weakness (42.50%), headache (36.33%), shortness of breath (32.63%), muscle aches (28.92), runny nose (28.57%).

Finally, of the 567 suspected cases, 157 (27.69%) have been confirmed, including 55 women. The evolution was marked by 09 (5.73%) deaths including 03 women.

Conclusion : This study confirms the frequency of Covid-19 in the various departments of the Kara University Hospital with a relatively low mortality rate, probably because of the young age of the affected subjects. Compliance with barrier measures should be continued to avoid further epidemics or even deaths.

Susceptibility of congenital or acquired TORCH-infected children to neurodevelopmental disorders: A cross-sectional study at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

Thu, 25 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Background: Congenital and acquired TORCH (Toxoplasmosis, Other agents, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex) infections, are associated with hearing impairment and several chronic neurodevelopmental disorders. However, existing evidence on the association between TORCH infections and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains equivoca. This study was performed to investigate the susceptibility of TORCH-infected children to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 72 children aged 3-6 years with a history of TORCH infections. ADHD and ASD were assessed using the Indonesian ADHD Rating Scale (IARS) and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). TORCH infections were categorized as congenital or acquired, with congenital TORCH defined by persisting positive IgM results at birth or supportive clinical findings and acquired TORCH by the first positive TORCH result after 12 months of age.

Results: In this study, most subjects had single infections of Rubella, CMV, or a combination of both, with few findings of toxoplasmosis and HIV. Congenital and acquired TORCH infections were reported in 38 (52.7%) and 34 (47.2%) children, respectively. Among congenital TORCH infections, 47.3% had single Rubella infections, while in acquired infections, 11 children had both CMV and Rubella, 9 had single CMV infections, and 5 had single Rubella infections. Rubella and CMV were the most prevalent etiologies in both groups, with 81.9% of children at moderate-to-high risk of ASD and 68.2% at high risk of ADHD. Hearing-impaired children were 3.5 times more likely to develop ADHD (OR 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2-10.3, p=0.021). Among them, the risk of ADHD was 1.4 times higher in those with acquired TORCH infections compared to congenital TORCH (p=0.025) according to subgroup analysis.

Conclusion: Children with hearing impairment especially acquired TORCH infections are more susceptible to developing ADHD higher than in those with congenital TORCH infection or normal hearing peers.

INFLAMMATORY RENAL PSEUDOTUMOR IN WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS: INITIAL MANIFESTATION OF A CASE

João Antonio Pereira-Correia — Thu, 25 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

We report a case of a 37-year-old woman who was treated in the emergency department with low back pain and intermittent cough for 7 days. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis revealed an expansive, heterogeneous formation with ill-defined limits, measuring 6.3 x 5.1 cm, in the upper third of the left kidney and a second expansive formation located in the lower pole of the left kidney, measuring 5.1 x 5.9 x 6.4 cm. She then underwent uneventful left videolaparoscopic radical nephrectomy. After the procedure, the patient progressed with prostration, decreased general condition and cough with brownish secretion, in addition to complaining of decreased visual and hearing acuity. She underwent laboratory and imaging tests, revealing bilateral cavitated lung masses that proved to be a case of Wegener's granulomatosis. Treatment with pulse therapy was initiated, but the patient died days later. This is the 11th case described in the scientific literature and serves as a warning to guide the management of this rare clinical condition, especially with regard to the presentation of inflammatory renal pseudotumor.

Risk factors in pregnant women older than 35 years at the General Hospital of Playa del Carmen

Alejandro L. Villalobos-Rodríguez — Tue, 23 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

INTRODUCTION. A variety of maternal risks and complications can occur during pregnancy or delivery in women with advanced maternal age have been examined. These include an increased risk of developing diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome. The correlation of advanced maternal age with placental dysfunction such as placenta previa or placental abruption has also been frequently reported.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in 52 patients aged 35 years and older attended during the period January 2022-December 2022 in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Service of the General Hospital Playa del Carmen.

RESULTS. Only the increase in cesarean sections was statistically significant, obesity as a risk factor, although refusal of family planning was also important, as well as obesity as a risk factor in this group of pregnant women. Gestational diabetes was not important in this group over 35 years of age.

DISCUSSION. During the last three decades, pregnancy at advanced maternal age has been increasing in frequency. According to a report from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of births among women aged 35 years or older in the United States increased 23% (7% to 9%) between 2000 and 2014. From 2006 to 2015, the proportion of births increased 5% for women aged 35 to 39 years, 8%. Many studies have demonstrated increased risk of adverse outcomes in older patients. However, few studies stratified these risks by maternity older than 35 years, and few studies examined neonatal outcomes.

Splenic Tuberculosis

marouane mountassir — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Introduction: Splenic tuberculosis is a rare hematopoietic localization of this infectious pathology. Representing 1% of all tuberculosis sites and 10% of extrapulmonary localizations (1). Herein, we present a case discovered incidentally during splenectomy for splenic tuberculosis.

The aim of our study is to highlight the diagnostic challenges and evaluate the role of surgery in its management.

Patient & Observation: Patient Information: A 37-year-old male, known case of schizophrenia under treatment, chronic smoker with a history of 10 pack-years, occasional alcohol consumer, and cannabis user. His symptoms began a year prior to admission with left hypochondrial abdominal pain, progressively worsening, non-radiating, with associated chronic constipation, no external gastrointestinal bleeding, all occurring amidst a febrile sensation and general deterioration marked by asthenia, anorexia, and a weight loss of 15 kg over 6 months.