Séroprévalence et Etude Biomoléculaire du Virus de l’Hépatite E à Brazzaville: Review Article

Jile Florient Mimiesse; Blaise Emmanuelle Daniela Mondinzoko; Anicet Luc Magloire Boumba; Jhonsial Bovane Molami; Bredin Rock Bissala; Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo; Stéphane Rody Ngami; Clausina Ahoui-Apendi; Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo; Mauria Ibobi; Bénédicte Ahombo; Hostaud Atipo Ibara; Jul Auriol Ata; Peres Mardoché Motoula Latou; Marlyse Ngalessami Mouakosso; Blaise Irénée Atipo Ibara

doi:10.58372/2835-6276.1356

Authors

Jile Florient Mimiesse
Blaise Emmanuelle Daniela Mondinzoko
Anicet Luc Magloire Boumba
Jhonsial Bovane Molami
Bredin Rock Bissala
Ngala Akoa Itoua-Ngaporo
Stéphane Rody Ngami
Clausina Ahoui-Apendi
Arnaud Mongo-Onkouo
Mauria Ibobi
Bénédicte Ahombo
Hostaud Atipo Ibara
Jul Auriol Ata
Peres Mardoché Motoula Latou
Marlyse Ngalessami Mouakosso
Blaise Irénée Atipo Ibara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58372/2835-6276.1356

Keywords:

frequency, hepatitis E virus, Brazzaville

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the serological and biomolecular profile of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Brazzaville.

Population and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from January 1 to September 30, 2024, at blood collection centers of the National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS) and pig farms in the city of Brazzaville. Blood donors and pig farmers aged 18 years and older, regardless of sex, who agreed to participate in the study were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors for HEV transmission, IgM, IgG, and viral RNA were the variables studied. The statistical tests used were Pearson's chi-squared test and odds ratio with adjustment. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results: 98 people were recruited for our study. Men represented 53% and women 47%. The mean age was 39.18 ± 14.15 years, with a range of 18 to 77 years. More than half of the population had contact with animals, and in 43% of cases, this contact was with pigs. The overall frequency of HEV was 19.3% (n=19/98). The frequencies of anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies were 84% (n=16/19) and 16% (n=3/19), respectively. The frequency of HEV was 17.6% (n=12/68) among blood donors and 23.33% (n=7/38) among pig farmers. RNA was detectable in 26.32% of cases.

Conclusion: This study constitutes the first seroprevalence and molecular biology survey of HEV in Congo-Brazzaville. The results indicate that HEV infection is present in Brazzaville, particularly among blood donors and pig farmers, with a high seroprevalence.

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