FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCIDENCE OF NEONATAL ASPHYXIA IN NEWBORNS AT THE GUIDO VALADARES NATIONAL HOSPITAL DILI TIMOR-LESTE

Abstract

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is considered one of the major causes of neonatal deaths and neurological sequelae in newborns, resulting from maternal-fetal conditions or complications during childbirth.  The report by the Guido Valadares de Dili National Hospital showed that 201 newborns died after birth and that 151 died at the age of 0-6 days and 8 died aged 7 to 28 days. 

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the incidence of neonatal asphyxia at the Guido Valadares National Hospital.  

Method: Reconducted a descriptive and analytical study of quantitative approach, collecting a sample of 100 records of newborns of mothers with risk factors and used the Grid of Observation on Register of the midwife and the doctor.  

Results: As maternal risk factors, 61% of mothers have parity higher than four children, and maternal pathologies in the sample include Hypertension 37%, Preeclampsia/Eclampsia 25%, Anemia 25% and Diabetes 13%. Regarding Hypertension, with mild degree 63%, and severe 38%; Preeclampsia/severe eclampsia 60% and mild 40%; in the degree of Mild Anemia (7 to 9 g/dl) 88%, and severe (<7g/dl 12%; Type I Diabetes is 54% and Gestational Diabetes 46%; finally, premature membrane rupture is found in 51% of the sample.  As for fetal risk factors for neonatal asphyxia, polyhidrosis 30%, Man Condon 13%, Infection 31%, Weight <1500 grams 13%, Inadequate weight for gestational age28%.  In the risk factors associated with delivery, we verified Forceps Delivery 13%, Prolapse of the cord 9% and Short Umbilical Cord 8%.  In the evaluation of APGAR indices at the 1 minute verified or severe in 48 newborns 62% and mild 39%; at 5^a minute, the APGAR Index was grave at 59% and 41%, lastly, it was found that in the APGAR index at 10 minutes, then Gave classification decreased 4%, and leve or moderate 7%. At 10 minutes 89% of the sample.  

Conclusion: Hospitals, health centers and SISCa   should promote the four minimum visits for pregnant women, in order to create a program of activities, such as home visits to define the rich factors of mothers. Pregnant women need to deliver with midwives and mothers in a controlled and safe environment to reduce the neonatal and post-neonatal mortality rate.